Critical Introduction - 2401 Words

How could you use an analysis of the pattern of looks or the identity of the gaze to develop a critical reading of contemporary mainstream film? â€Å"The concept of gaze is how an audience views the people presented.† The types of gaze are categorized by who is involved and who is looking. â€Å"The male gaze† which is a term whom Laura Mulvey introduced in this piece of writing, â€Å"Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema†. Mulvey suggests that women are typically presented as just ‘objects’ in film, serving a sexual purpose for men, she states â€Å"Women displayed as sexual object is the leit-motif of erotic spectacle.† (Laura Mulvey, 1975, 11) This essay will be an analysis of the identity of the gaze in mainstream film with a brief insight to†¦show more content†¦This is a negative male gaze, her being his ‘object’. When she gets to Edward, she lifts up his trouser leg and touches his leg in a carnal style; she then commences to undress herself, and takes off the very little clothes she was already wearing. She pulls the clothes off her slim-frame within seconds; the camera focuses on Edwards face, emphasizing his eyes staring at her naked body. Edward appreciates her body, and enjoys what he sees; this scene displays Scorophilia, as Edward gets a deriving sexual pleasure from looking at her skin, others suggests it is the irregular of gazing at.† (Sutherland 2003, p.59). This could not only be a male gaze, but it could also be looked upon as a curious gaze (Observing). Mulvey stated, â€Å"Scorophilia was associated with taking other people as objects, subjecting them to a controlling and cu rious gaze.† (Laura Mulvey, 1975, 8) Not only is Scorophilia shown in this scene, but Fetishistic Scorophilia (â€Å"This is when the female figure is represented simply as a beautiful object of display (her objectification shows how voyeurism and this kind of fetishism can overlap† (Gillian Rose, Visual Methodologies: An Introduction to Researching with Visual Materials,161) is also exposed as Vivian’s body is represented as an ‘object of display’. Her body is often pictured with close-ups capturing her flesh; this could be to make her look ‘perfect’ in the male gaze. However from how Vivian’sShow MoreRelatedMarketing – A Critical Introduction Essay2073 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Considering all the business disciplines available, marketing is usually considered to be probably the least self-critical. Regardless of the every now and then extremely bona fide interest in customer service, Provision of goods and services at costs that are affordable to the populace and implementation of efficient endorsements to push them to purchase merchandise that better fit their needs, wants and requirements, Marketing has not been able since time and memorial to evade theRead MoreA Brief Note On The Easiest Part Of Writing Essay1462 Words   |  6 Pages1) The easiest part of writing this essay was the introduction. The introduction was the easiest part of the essay for me, because it just reiterated the main point of the essay and set up my rhetorical analysist. 2) I think I did best on the part of the analysis that I discussed Junod’s introduction as an author and the introduction of his mother. 3) I struggled mostly with just the analysis itself. It is hard analyzing other people’s work. 4) I will improve my analysis on my next paper by rereadingRead MoreExample Of Exercises And Games786 Words   |  4 Pagessit too long, their brains begin to work more in a uninvolved mode than in dynamic mode. You can make your introductions intuitive by utilizing PowerPoint toolboxs like the Game Show PowerPoint Template. Exact Statistics You can astound your group of onlookers by taking care of measurements and numbers deliberately. It can demonstrate your point as well as will add a remark introduction. Additionally, point by point guidelines ought to be given on a freebee and diagrams and charts must be sufficientlyRead MoreThe New Version Of Kindle Fire Essay1391 Words   |  6 PagesThe new product introduction (new version of Kindle Fire) maybe faced by a number of potential risks from its production initiatives. The first risk is associated with costs that were not expected. In every project that is initiated, planning encompasses expected costs; the rise of unexpected costs can hamper the continuity of such a project. The new version of Kindle Fire may be hampered by costs that were not planned for yet essential for the completion of the project. Such costs may be due toRead More1. The AdministratorS Part In Staffing In An Association843 Words   |  4 Pagesstaffing in an association that has a HR office is talked about in this section. We have stressed that the staffing capacity ought to be a line administration work with managers assuming a noteworthy part. Staffing incorporates the choice, situation, introduction, preparing, advancement, and pay of workers. Obviously, various staffing exercises are taken care of by the HR office, yet there is a distinction between the expression duty and exercises. Even however the HR office will be of real help toRead MoreEssay on Telling America s Story868 Words   |  4 Pagesof strategies to examine the rhetoric of three distinct situations. This paper will attempt to dissect each of the essays in a comparative manner. Specifically, it will evaluate the introductions, how effectively they are constructed, and how the essays follow according to the expectations set forth in the introductions. In Telling America s Story, Lewis starts by providing a quick explanation of the countrys status as Regan entered office. The reader is instantly introduced to the Western worldsRead MoreThe Structure of Law Essays3410 Words   |  14 Pagessome key tips on writing introductions. I will help you understand why those tips are important. And I will provide you with examples to help you use those tips. If you read this document and practise writing introductions – you will be a better writer and you will get better marks. See what I did there? See how I tried to capture your attention and get you to read on? See how you understand what to expect of this document? That’s the whole point of an introduction. Think of any great book thatRead MoreInternship Report Format1188 Words   |  5 Pagespages themselves. 5. Main body of report The first page of either an introduction or a first chapter should be numbered â€Å"1† in Arabic numerals. Main body of report should be divided into two parts. 1. Part-I: Introduction, overview of organization and organization structure. 2. Part-II: internees job Part-I 5.1 Introduction The purpose of the Introduction is to introduce the reader to the problem/work. The Introduction is a concise statement of the internship organization and an outline ofRead MoreCritical Review Whay Most Product Launches Fail Essay example968 Words   |  4 Pageslondon college of accountancy pre-sessional course 2012 | Critical review of ‘why most product launches fail’By Joan Schneider and Julie Hall | Final draft | | Ijaz Khalid302480/402604 | 19/11/2012867 wordsSubmitted to: Barbara Webb | | Critical review Introduction The debut of a product into the market termed as product launch. The product launch signifies the point at which consumers first have access to a new product. But when it comes to new products, great expectationsRead MoreEssay on Legal Studies: Tips on Hsc Extended Responses1569 Words   |  7 Pages1. Introduction The introduction to your essay is an important paragraph. It is the first thing the reader sees. A good introduction should 1. Introduce the reader to the general topic 2. Identify the focus or purpose of the essay 3. Outline the scope, that is, the points to be covered Your introduction (and the conclusion) just frames the essay, and should not do any of the real work of explaining, justifying or arguing which is all done by the body of the essay. When writing your introduction

Social Worker Field Free Essays

Name: Monique Headley Course/Section: BEHS453 6980 Project #1 Paper Social Work is a profession for those with a strong desire to help improve people’s lives. Social workers assist people by helping them cope with and solve problems they may have in their daily lives, such as family and personal problems and dealing with relationships. Social workers assist can be child, family, and school social workers. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Worker Field or any similar topic only for you Order Now They all provide social services and assistance to improve the social and psychological functioning of children and families. Some social workers specialize with child protective services, adoption agencies, or foster care. In this particular situation, I interviewed a friend of mine’s social worker Ms. Ayunda. A social worker serves as the link between the child and families. She addressed problems such as the child misbehavior, family problems, parent drug problem, family abuse, etc. Ms. Ayunda has been a social worker for 6 years. She has worked as a Social Worker for Child and Family Services Agency in Washington, DC. Her duties include, working a 40 hour week and some weekends meeting with clients, attending meetings, and coordinating services to help assist with the child or family. Ms. Ayunda is a family social worker. She provides social services and assistance to families. She keeps a record and history of all family updates, concerns, interests, and conflicts. If any abuse or neglect is present, she reports it to child protective services, and from there a resolution happens. Sometimes a child will be placed with a foster home, foster care, or adoption agency depending on their home situation. It has to be hard as a social worker to deal with people’s behavior, children feelings, and emotions. You must have to emotionally be strong and ready to handle anything in this career field. The academic training that prepared Ms. Ayunda for her Social Worker career was first receiving a bachelor’s degree in Social Work. Then she received her master’s degree in social work after 2 years where she concentrated on her chosen field. That helped her develop the skills required to perform clinical assessments, manage large caseloads, take on supervisory roles, and a way on how to explore things upon a client’s need. Ms. Ayunda then got her license in DC MD, which is a requirement for social work practice and the use of professional titles. Also, Ms. Ayunda stressed that as a social worker you have to be strong, responsible, willing to work independently, and able to communicate well with your clients and colleagues. Right now I am pursuing my BA degree in Psychology. My interest is Social Worker now and I will defiantly look into this. The reason why Ms. Ayunda became a social worker is because she wants to make a positive impact on someone’s life. She is furthering a cause that she is passionate about and she wants to help countless others overcome comparable obstacles. There are so many stories and situations she witnessed of children being abused and neglected in their homes or parents struggling and can’t afford to take care of their child. She even runs into families who parent(s) are on drugs. To make a change and to be that person to make that change is an honor. The challenges that she has faced were when she had to take action and have CPT take children from their home because their parents were on drugs, neglected their child, abused them, or another serious issue. Few parents spoke harsh words to her and acted very violent. Even the child will not speak to her because they felt as though it was her fault they were taken away or they didn’t want to get in trouble by their parent. The child will be crying for their parents and it is just a situation that you never want to happen because you don’t want to break up a home or separate a child from their parent. As far as balancing your work with your life responsibilities beyond work Ms. Ayunda just recognize her boundaries and separate her professional and personal lives. That has to be so hard to see and witness a child’s pain and their parent’s pain. I really felt for Ms. Ayunda at that moment when she mentioned the challenges she faced. In one case a mother was on drugs, had bi-polar, and was schizophrenic. The mother had a 9 year old son and the case opened when she had an episode walking with her son on the highway into traffic and saying that she was going to kill herself. Someone reported other things to Child Protective Services that the mother neglects the child and he stays out real late at time. The mother did have drugs in her system when tested. For the fact that the mother was using illegal drugs and had a psychological sickness made her even worst. The 9 year old mother was not herself when she did drugs or didn’t take her medication. When you are on drugs you tend to abuse your child and when they interviewed the boy he did mention that his mother abused him. It was not the form of punishment abuse, but she would hit him obsessively to a point he will have marks on him. The boy even came to school with a black eye the next day he got suspended from school. When he got suspended he was scared to go home. They put the boy in counseling and some days he would not speak to the counselors scared he will get in trouble by his mother if he does. There were many more episodes that occurred and the child had to be taken from Child Protective Services. Family violence is an act by a member of a family or household against another member of the family or household that is intended to result in physical harm, bodily injury, assault, or sexual assault, or that is a threat that reasonably places the member in fear of imminent physical harm or bodily injury (Gosselin, 2010, pp. 31). Child abuse and child neglect is defined as any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker, which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, or exploitation, or an act or failure to act, which presents an imminent risk of serious harm (Gosselin, 2010, pp. 93-94). A child that is being physically abused behavior indicators is withdrawal, aggressiveness, frightens of parents, afraid to go home, reports of injury by parents (Module 3). In Ms. Ayunda case the child was abused by his mother and hurtful things were said to him as well. Emotional abuse plays a role in the mother and 9 year old boy’s case. Emotional abuse includes excessive, aggressive, or unreasonable parental behavior that places demands on a child to perform beyond his or her capabilities (Module 3). The signs of emotional abuse are uncommunicative behavior, unreasonable fearful or suspicious, lack of interest in social contacts, or evasiveness (Gosselin, 2010). I think that a lot of hurt is said to a child when their parents are using drugs and also are bi-polar/schizophrenic because they are not themselves. The mother’s background explains a lot. My friend was abused by her son’s father and she was raped by her uncle when she was in her young teens. Her mother’s mother was schizophrenic, so that was a genetic psychological behavior that passed to her. A lot of times when you do not get counseling and you are raped at a young age it can really mess you up. Some people turn to drugs because they think that drug’s heals them, makes them feel better, and forget their problems. Really they need to receive psychological help or counseling. It looks like the boy’s mother went through a lot and as she got older she got worst. Now, her son is receiving counseling and I think that is good because the things his mother done to him, around him, and him being taken away from his family really can affect him. After reading the Modules and Textbook I came across that the boy was being neglected by his mother. Neglect is defined as failure or refusal to provide care or services for your child when there is an obligation to do so (Gosselin, 2010). Neglect is one of the primary types of family violence in the textbook. When you leave a young child unsupervised or unattended that can be considered as neglect and many people do not look at it like that (Gosselin, 2010). Module 3 describes three types of neglect and how child neglect is the failure to provide for the child’s basic needs. In this case the mother was doing self-neglect. The mother was refusing to take her medications for her psychological behavior and using drugs in her household which makes it an unsafe living condition because she could flip out on her child, go crazy, or not be herself. She is unable to pay her bills or manage her finances due to her addiction. Personally, I have learned a lot from the interview and from the readings. I think that the readings related to the case situation that the social worker mentioned. Child protective services were involved in this case. I think that they made the right decision into getting the 9 year old boy into their custody. If he stayed with his mother any longer he would not have got counseling, psychological help, and he would be pretty messed up. Some young children show behavioral issues or act out when they go through family or household problems. As a social worker it must be hard to get involved in situations and cases like those. References Gosselin, D. (2010). An Introduction to the Crimes of Family Abuse. History of Violence in the Family, 4, 31-56. Gosselin, D. (2010). An Introduction to the Crimes of Family Abuse. Child Abuse, 4, 85-112. Module 3 Commentary: Domestic Violence: Children, the Youngest Victims. How to cite Social Worker Field, Papers

Virtue Ethics and Moral Knowledge †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Virtue Ethics and Moral Knowledge. Answer: Introduction The problem statement for this particular case is whether the CEO of the mid size company will select John as his successor or not after getting to know the health related problems of John from Brian, another employee of the business organization. in the given case study it is seen that the CEO of a business organization is retiring and thus he is looking for suitable replacement for his post. However, John is the primary choice of the CEO of the company as he has seen John taking up extra burden of work for the best interest of the company, though he takes some planned long leaves in a frequent manner. In this regard, it should be mentioned that John never takes leaves beyond the limit that has been set for him. The dilemma arised when Brian another junior employee of the organization informed the CEO of the company that John is dealing with heart disease and anytime Johns heart can give up and he may die instantly. Brian has been able to gather this information by application of so phisticated analytics generated by the Apple watch of John. The purpose of this essay is to solve the ethical dilemma that the CEO of the company will go through after getting the information regarding Johns health from Brian. To define ethics it can be said that ethics gives a set of standards for behavior that can help the individuals to take decisions or take action under a variety of situations. Precisely it can be said that ethics is all about making choices and along with that providing valid justification for the choices that an individual make. Deontological ethics can be explained as the normative ethical position that can judge the morality of an action taken by an individual based on the rules[2]. It can be explained as obligation, duty or rule based ethics as the rules can bind an individuals actions with duties. Deontological ethics is generally contrasted with virtue ethics, censequencialism and pragmatic ethics. In this context it can be said that action has more importance than consequences[3]. It can be said that relying on the deontological ethics under consideration, moral obligation may invoke from internal or external sources, such as universal set of rules, personal or cultural values or religious laws. In this context, it should be mentioned that Kants theory of ethics can be followed while taking the necessary decision regarding whom to give the position of the CEO in the given situation. In his theory, Immanuel Kant argued to act in a moral way and the individuals should obey their duties. Secondly, Kant stated that motives of individuals behind a course of action can determine whether the action is right or wrong and never can the consequences of an action can make the act right or wrong. According to Kant, to act in a moral way an individual should act from the duty that initiates with an argument. The argument is that the highest good should be both good without qualification and good in itself. Kant also stated that intelligence; pleasure and perseverance are thought to be goods and fail to be good without qualification or intrinsically good. According to Kant, act of willings consequences cannot be utilized to determine whether an individual has a good will, and good consequ ences may invoke from a motivated action where the motivation behind the action was to harm a innocent individual. On the other hand, bad consequences may also arise after an act where the motive behind the action may have been good[4]. Thus, in this regard, Kant stated that when an individual acts with a good will definitely he would act out of the respect for the moral law. According to Kant, individuals at times act out of respect for the moral law when they act in some way as they have duties. Thus, it can be said that the only thing which can be said good in itself certainly is the good will, and good will is only good when the individual decides to do something as it falls under that individuals duty. Three major formulations of Kant of the categorical imperatives are Act is such manner so that a person always treat humanity whether in their own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means but always at the same time as an end An individual should act according to that maxim by which he or she can alsi will that it may become an universal law Every rational individual should act as if he were through his maxim always a legislating member in the universal kingdom of ends. In this regard, it is worthwhile to mention that deontologists like Immanuel Kant are moral absolutists and they have faith that specific actions are either absolutely right or wrong and that is regardless of the moral agent or the consequences of the action committed by an individual[5]. In this context, Kant stated that good will can be the absolute good thing and thus the single determining factor can be the motive of the person who is taking an action; or whether an action is morally right should have a good will behind the action. Thus it can be said that if an individual is acting on a bad maxim for an example, I will lie the action of that person can be classified as wring even if some good consequences of the action is experienced later on. According to Kants theories regarding deontology, it can be said that,the individuals as rational being makes the moral laws universal[6]. Virtue ethics is considered to be one of the three major approaches in the normative ethics. It can be identified as one that focuses on the moral character or the virtues contrasting with the approach that sheds light on rules, duties and on the consequences of the actions[7]. For an example, if someone needs to be helped, a utilitarian approach will point out that consequence of helping out an individual will maximize the well being of that individual[8]. While doing so, the person who is helping the other person will act according to the moral rule Do unto others as you would be done by and a virtue ethicist to the fact that helping an individual shall be benevolent or charitable[9]. There are four major forms of virtue ethics and those are Platonistic virtue ethics, target centered virtue ethics, eudaemonist virtue ethics and lastly exemplarist or agent based virtue ethics[10]. For this particular case study the CEO is undergoing a dilemma regarding choosing the person who will fill up the gap in the workforce after his retirement after getting to now the medical status of John from Brian in a confidential meeting. The main reason behind choosing John over other candidates for the post of CEO is, John is hardworking and at times when needed, his commitment towards the company is commendable. In a frequent manner, John takes up huge responsibility and helps the management of the organization to complete the tasks. Thus, John became one of the most eligible person for the post of the CEO being an effective senior employee of the organization. The only flaw John ha is that he takes frequent leaves though he takes leaves within his holiday entitlements. Under this circumstances, when Brian, a junior employee of the firm came to the CEO and disclosed that from the readings of Johns Apple watch he got to know about Johns health and John is suffering from a danger ous heart disease and he may die suddenly due to a heart attack or something like that. This drove the CEO of the company under an ethical dilemma that whether he would recommend John as becoming the next CEO of the company or not knowing the medical status of the person. In this context, it is a matter of fact that John is certainly the most eligible person for the post due to excellent track record of his in the business organization and his mentality to get the job done while taking full responsibility. This positive mentality of John has made him the automatic choice for the CEO of the company to choose him as the next CEO.of the company. Following the ethical theories of Immanuel Kant, it can be said that consequences of the action would not justify the motive of the action[11]. Thus, to ensure the best interest of the company, the CEO should consider John as the most eligible person for the post of next CEO after his retirement considering Johns effort to establish and sustaining the gradual growth of the business organization. In accordance with that, it can be s aid that the information the CEO received regarding the health issues of John that he got from a different source Brian. Brian acquired the knowledge by going through the reading of Johns Apple watch and that is somewhat a breach of privacy within the office premises. Thus, depending on an unfair action of an employee of the concern, the decision of the CEO should not get manipulated and thus John should have handed the role of the CEO of the company after the existing CEO retires. What Brian did is just peeping through the documents generated by the Apple watch of John and got the medical information of John; which is not ethical. Brian in a confidential manner approached the CEO of the company and informed him regarding the medical status of John. There are no evidences that can back up the statement of Brian and thus by following the virtuous ethics, The CEO of the company should overlook what Brian is trying to portray, and select John as the upcoming CEO of the company. According to the ethics of virtue, individuals should take decision that will be virtuous and thus in this case John should be chosen as the next CEO of the company. According to the ethics of virtue, the CEO of the organization should follow the moral obligations and the case study clearly backs up the cause of John, he being the most eligible person to get the post of the CEO. Conclusion Thus to conclude, it can be said that apparently it looks that John would not be the perfect choice for becoming the CEO of the company due to the medical issues he is dealing with and a sudden demise of a CEO would definitely negatively impact on the productivity and profitability of the company. In this context, it is worthwhile to mention that the information the CEO received regarding Johns health was from a third party (junior employee of the concern), and there are no valid prrof that can back up the statement o Brian health issues of John. Not only that, the way Brian acquired the medical details of John is breaching John privacy, which can be penalized. These, sudden growth of interest not only regarding Johns health and subsequently providing these information regarding John to the CEO of the company when John is on the verge of becoming the next CEO of the company is somewhat suspicious. Thus it can surely be said that abiding by all the ethical norms, the present CEO shoul d choose John as the next CEO of the company due to his excellent track record as an employee of the organization. References and bibliography Annas, Julia. "Which Variety of Virtue Ethics?."Varieties of Virtue Ethics. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2017. 35-51. Arpaly, Nomy. "Moral Worth And Normative Ethics."Oxford Studies in Normative Ethics5 (2015): 86-104. Bright, David S., Bradley A. Winn, and Jason Kanov. "Reconsidering virtue: Differences of perspective in virtue ethics and the positive social sciences."Journal of Business Ethics119.4 (2014): 445-460. Buijs, Govert, and Simon Polinder. "Introduction." (2015). Fraser, C. J. "What's Right is Set by What Fits: Normative Ethics in the Zhuangzi."Dao Companion to the Philosophy of the Zhuangzi(2017). Han, Hyemin. "Virtue ethics, positive psychology, and a new model of science and engineering ethics education."Science and engineering ethics21.2 (2015): 441-460. Han, Hyemin. "Virtue ethics, positive psychology, and a new model of science and engineering ethics education."Science and engineering ethics21.2 (2015): 441-460. Jayawickreme, Eranda, et al. "Virtuous states and virtuous traits: How the empirical evidence regarding the existence of broad traits saves virtue ethics from the situationist critique."School Field12.3 (2014): 283-308. Kagan, Shelly.Normative ethics. Routledge, 2018. Segon, Michael, and Chris Booth. "Virtue: The missing ethics element in emotional intelligence."Journal of Business Ethics128.4 (2015): 789-802. Shafer-Landau, Russ. "The fundamentals of ethics." (2014). Smith, R. Scott.Virtue ethics and moral knowledge: philosophy of language after MacIntyre and Hauerwas. Routledge, 2017. Thines, George. "Phenomenology and the science of behaviour: An historical and epistemological approach." (2015). Van Hooft, Stan.Understanding virtue ethics. Routledge, 2014. Wang, Ying, George Cheney, and Juliet Roper. "Virtue Ethics and the PracticeInstitution Schema: An Ethical Case of Excellent Business Practices."Journal of business ethics138.1 (2016): 67-77. Woozley, Anthony Douglas. "Theory of Knowledge: an introduction." (2016).

Standards Driven Process in Education

Introduction The changes in education witnessed in recent years have seen the emergence of standard based instruction in schools across America. This new trend has its roots in theories of cognitivism and constructivism which have redefined the process of learning.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Standards Driven Process in Education specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The discussions presented in this paper will briefly highlight the basic principles of these theories, the research that has contributed to the development and the values and limitations of each theory in instruction design. In addition the some of the models and concepts used in each theory will be presented. Cognitive Science Theory: Basic Principles According to cognitive theorists the thought process plays an important role in learning and observed changes in behavior provide indicators to what is occurring in the learners mind. This approach also places importance on organization of problem solving and structuring activities to enable students to process information on a deeper level allowing for its reuse in different problems. This theory includes concepts such as internal knowledge structure, information processing model that trace the process from stimuli to knowledge and several effects that affect learning (Koohang and Harman, 2007).Examples in teaching practice include computer programs such as Logo: Microworlds Pro and Plato math program. Cognitive Science Theory: Research and Findings The cognitive science theory can be traced to the work of the theories of perception as advanced by Plato and Aristotle and attempts to explain the nature of human knowledge. These concepts were later advanced by the French psychologist and philosopher, J. Piaget (Phillips and Soltis, 2007). Piaget’s work was the basis for future developments by J. Bruner, who concluded that learning was a process of developing categories of in formation that can be reused in future (Koohang and Harman, 2007). This theory which built on the findings of behaviorism began to influence instructional design around the 70’s. Some models built around this theory include Collins Stevens inquiry teaching model, ARC’s model of motivation and component display model. In the inquiry teaching model relies on rational process of questions, answers and discussion between learners and instructors. The ARC’s model proposes four conditions to facilitate learning namely attention, relevance, confidence and satisfaction.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The method assumes learning to be a sequential process and satisfaction of the conditions keeps the learners interested. The component design model uses component design theory as the basis for lesson design. Cognitive Science Theory: Values and Limitation The goal of teachi ng learners to perform a task in a consistent manner is an effective approach to learning. The process once understood can be reused in other cases. The disadvantage is though the learner learns how to do a task the method may not be the best method for performing the task. The same method may fail when reused in other areas (Mergel, 1989). In addition this theory has contributed significantly to standards based education. The evidence of this is seen in standardized tests such as K-12 that are widely in use across America today. A further contribution is the accountability required from institutions. The accountability practices require institutions to be accountable for performance. Constructivism Theory: Basic Principles Proponents of this theory argue that learners build their own reality or at least interpret information based on individual experiences. This would suggest that knowledge is based upon prior experience, mental structures and beliefs used to interpret events (Merg el, 1989). It is possible to assume therefore that the learning process is achieved through exploration to build perception. In practice this would require real world case based learning environments, enable context and content dependent knowledge and support collaboration as opposed t competition. Constructivism Theory: Research and Findings Constructivism has its roots in philosophical and psychological theories advanced by Bruner, Ulrick, Neiser, Goodman, Kant, Kuhn, Dewey and Habermas. The most significant contributor was J. Piaget whose work was extended by von Glasserfield (Mergel, 1989). Some of the models used in constructivist instructional design include Action learning, Case based learning, CSILE’s and Goal based scenarios among others. Action learning is a process that brings individuals together to solve problems and in the process it helps both individuals and the organizations. Case based learning requires learners to be presented with case studies to analyze a nd respond to and solve the problem.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Standards Driven Process in Education specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More CSILE’s is a type computer conference where learners build databases using individual to group rather than individual to individual interaction. This is a collective learning experience that requires learners to do goal setting, planning and problem solving. Constructivism Theory: Values and Limitation The main limitation of this theory is in instances where conformity is required the divergent thinking could be problematic. However, it is advantageous since learners are able to understand multiple perceptions they become more adept to real life scenarios. Improved problem solving skills can be applied in many areas of life. In standards based education this theory has contributed to the development of curricula and in teacher training. The curriculum in use at presen t contains perceptive content such as case studies and research to utilize learner’s perception in learning. Growth and Change in Standards Based Education Standards based education has benefitted from the two theories and their implementation to instructional design and education. Evidence of this is presented in the new accountability standards in use in America. The learners and teachers are expected to be on the same page and institutions can now be held accountable for student performance. The curriculum developed that take into consideration cognitive properties and perception aim at high and deeper levels of understanding. Classroom instruction can be put in line with assessment standards to ensure learners can meet the demands. An example of this is evident in lesson study practices. These lesson studies provide first hand experience on why standards based instruction is effective. References Finch, G. (1960). Education and Training Media. Washington: National Academy of Sciences- National Research Council. Klein, S. B., Mowrer, R. R. (1989). Contemporary Learning Theories: Instrumental Conditioning Theory and the Impact of Biological Constraints on Learning. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Koohang, A, Harman, K. (2007). Learning Objects and Instructional design. California: Informing Science Press. Mergel, B. (1989). Instructional Design and Learning Theory. Retrieved from https://etad.usask.ca/802papers/ Phillips, D. C., Soltis, J. F. (2004). Perspectives on Learning. 4th Ed. New York: Teachers College Press. This essay on Standards Driven Process in Education was written and submitted by user Cayden Nolan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How the Jungian Theory has contributed to the History and Systems of Psychology

How the Jungian Theory has contributed to the History and Systems of Psychology Abstract Born in 1875, Carl Jung grew up to study human life and eventually developed several thoughts concerning human behavior. His concepts have received exponents and opponents of equal measure. Most people claim that his arguments are illogical with no or minimal stringent structures. Nonetheless, his exponents have utilized his thoughts and used them in conducting various psychological tests such as the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. This paper analyses the theories of Jung concerning human life coupled with how they have contributed to the history and systems of psychology. Introduction Born in 1875, Carl Jung has definitely played a significant role in the field of psychology even after his demise in 1961. His theories have received support and opposition in equal measure. However, despite his controversial nature, most psychologist and scholars still use his theories in making various decisions. His theories aimed at creating and promoting an association between the cognizant and oblivious (Thorne Henley, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on How the Jungian Theory has contributed to the History and Systems of Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Jung, in the absence of the link between the two, the unconscious characteristics could abate and even destroy one’s personality. One of his popular theories was individuation, which refers to the individual growth that creates a link the ego to the ‘self’ (Pierce, 2005). This paper discusses the Jungian theories and their role in shaping the history and systems of psychology. Contribution of Carl Jung’s Theories in the History and Systems of Psychology Jung’s examination of human personality involved studies of faith, culture, and parapsychology. He primarily had a stronger impact on theorists and authors than psychologists did. Nonetheless, over the years, the rising queries on t he nature of human awareness and potential have triggered a sudden attention on Jung’s concepts such as those concerning attitude, functions, conscious, archetype, and psychological development (Carter, 2011). Attitude In addressing the issue of attitude, Jung developed the theories of introversion and extraversion. These ideologies have indubitably earned recognition with most psychologists and counselors who use them to test their patients’ attitude. For Jung, people can be broadly categorized into two groups, viz. those who view things from an outward perspective and those who judge things with an inward perception. Those who are inward-oriented, popularly known as introverts, are contented with their individual thoughts and beliefs (Pierce, 2005). However, the extroverts are at ease with the views of others and their decisions are highly influenced with their external environment.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Interestingly, Jung states that no individual can have a mindset that is entirely introverted or extroverted. In his argument, Jung associates the two concepts to a heartbeat, which is only complete after contraction and expansion. The contraction represents introversion whilst expansion typifies extraversion (Engler, 2008). The discrepancy comes into play when a person seems to prefer a particular concept and makes most of his or her decisions according to that given type of mindset. Notably, these concepts also incorporate awareness and unconsciousness. For instance, if one analyzes an extrovert, it is likely that his or her unconscious will have an introverted approach because the individual’s unconsciousness is more extroverted whilst the conscious part is full of introverted values (Pierce, 2005). Moreover, none of the concept can be perceived to be the most superior. In some cases, introversion is more p ertinent than extroversion whilst in other scenarios the latter is more applicable than the former. The qualities are also equally distinct, viz. one cannot apply them in tandem. One should ensure that s/he employs either of the qualities only on situations where s/he is most pertinent to avoid having a fixed and stringent method of reacting to issues and relating with others. Since introverts tend to be preoccupied with their personal thoughts, they may develop loneliness for they are engrossed in their own world and may end up having a poor relation with the external world (Carter, 2011). Conversely, extroverts spend most of their time and energy to please others. The danger of such a quality is that they may fail to have time for their inner person and consequently make decisions that may endanger their lives.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on How the Jungian Theory has contributed to the History and Systems of Psychology specifically for you fo r only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Functions Another outstanding contribution of Jung to the history and systems of psychology is the concept of type. According to Jung, the manner in which individuals feel, think, as well as experience is surprisingly disparate. This concept of type is essential in assisting both psychologists and even ordinary people to comprehend the nature in which people operate (Dolliver, 1994). He divides the essential psychological functions into four categories, viz. impression, instinct, thinking, as well as feeling. All these functions can be felt in an introverted or extraverted manner. However, every person has a particular function that seems to override the others even when it comes to their conscious. Out of the three remaining function, there is also a function that seems to be intensely rooted in the unconscious and can rarely be noticed, viz. inferior function. People normally make decisions and verdicts using the thinking and f eeling functions that surrogate each other. Thinking focuses on the sincerity, opinion, and uncongenial evaluation. It usually integrates uniformity and abstract standards. People with highly developed thinking function can be good strategists and planners. Nevertheless, they may be reluctant in accepting clashing opinions even if such conflicting ideas seem to be more practical than their theories. Feeling is value-oriented as it weighs the option between good and bad or correct and false, which is in contrast with thinking that tends to focus on the logic or competence of a decision. Jung classified perception and instinct in a solitary group, since they are both used as means of collecting information and not issuing verdicts. Perception or sensation is the exact sense experience, discernment of information, and tangible facts such as something that a person can smell, taste, or touch. Concrete testament attracts more attention than the evaluation or investigation of experience. People whose dominant function is sensation, viz. sensation types, are quick in responding to the immediate issue and can effectively resolve the existing crises (Pierce, 2005).Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The fourth category of function, viz. intuition, involves understanding views in a form of likelihood, past results, prospective ambitions, and the unconscious development. This function tries to focus on the impact or outcome of doing something in a particular way. The predicted impact of making a decision is of much significance to intuitive characters than the actual impact. They rapidly relate new ideas to experience, expected results, and make the most appropriate decisions (Thorne Henley, 2005). The inferior function that Jung identifies is often the most primal for an evil force can drive it because some people can neither control nor comprehend it. For instance, a highly intuitive individual who cannot relate with his or her sensation function can consider his or her sexual desires as strange or perilous. Jung asserts that this function motivates people to have religious beliefs. Integrating and balancing all these functions help a person to associate well with his or her e nvironment. Every individual has an overriding function with one secondary dominant function (Engler, 2008). The remaining functions are often unconscious and less useful. This knowledge helps in understanding the flaws and strengths of others and can help in managing social relationships. The Unconscious Jung admits that it is intricate to determine the unconscious, and thus it can only be defined by understanding its association with the conscious, which has no boundaries. Jung further classifies the unconscious into personal and collective. The personal unconscious is composed of past bitter events or petty thoughts that are no longer part of the conscious. In the case of collective unconsciousness, it is the most debated theory of Jung. It postulates that although people are born and they develop incongruently, they have a common unconsciousness (Carter, 2011). The mental and biological heritage that everyone is born with determines the behavior as well as experience. For Jung, this unconsciousness helps people to invent constructive ideas and skills. Archetype This theory is one of the most sophisticated theories of Jung. Archetypes are inborn tendencies that are used to react to various issues in the world. They are depictions of the natural energies espoused by a collective unconsciousness. Jung describes the archetype as components that develop structures inside the unconscious. The key structures of personality such as persona, shadow, ego anima, animus, and self are also part of archetype (Merchant, 2009). Persona refers to image a person discloses to the world. In a bid to receive good reception in public, there are certain behaviors one has to adopt. Those who refuse to adopt such characters are likely to face rejection. The effect of a persona may be good or bad. Certain types of personas can asphyxiate an individual especially if they are phony. It can promote growth in individuals because as they adopt particular social roles, their ego slowly a pproves it (Engler, 2008). Unfortunately, this approval may also have a negative effect for as the ego approves the new social roles, people begin to assume that the false faces are their actual personality. Sadly, Jung asserts that people are forced to depart from this false personality during individuation. Ego is a sense that promotes steadiness in moving towards the conscious part of life. It attempts to resist any move to contravene consciousness and urges people to analyze their ideas before making an ultimate decision. The ego has no unconscious elements, but conscious components only, which originate from one’s individual experience. Consequently, Jung compels people to assume that ego is a key structure of psyche, thus ignoring the other portion of psyche that is unconscious (Merchant, 2009). The shadow comprises all the unconstructive values that one wishes to avoid because they are converse to his/her persona and social norms. The shadow puts emphasis on issues tha t are introverted by a person’s consciousness. If an individual fails to identify it, shadow becomes dangerous for the person may display his or her rejected values in public, and consequently be abandoned. However, shadow is unavoidable because it is inherent. Anyone who ignores that shadows archetype exists is denying the fact that the society is made up of both good and bad. Jung also developed the concept of anima and animus. These concepts exemplify the psychological issues that cannot relate with a person’s self-image (Dolliver, 1994). Hence, though a woman may refer to conscious terms that are feminine, the animus may incorporate some of unfamiliar behaviors that stand out as masculine. The course of mental growth in the female counterparts requires that they integrate their ego with the animus. Although at the primary level, the anima or animus may appear as a distinct personality, it starts merging with the unconscious and conscious after identification and ev entually becomes part of the self. However, if the self is oblivious of the anima or the animus, an individual tends to portray it to the opposite sex. For example, all men have a character that is analogous to women although it is unconscious. This character is often portrayed to women whom men love and thus promote intimate relationships. Moreover, the growth of the concept of anima and animus is largely espoused by relationship between a child and his or her opposite sex parent (Engler, 2008). These two concepts largely affect the relations that people have with the opposite sexes. Since they have the power to link a person with his or her unconscious forces, anima and animus are a good way of determining one’s ability. Conclusion Jung’s theories have occasionally received opponents who claim that his ideas are illogical and fail to portray an organized system of thoughts. His critics state that he uses disparate descriptions for a single term. However, he intention ally created a flexible structure that can accept new ideas without necessarily altering them to merge into theoretical construction for he conceded to the thought that he could provide all the theoretical solutions to every issue. Perhaps, this notion explains why his theories are currently still highly pertinent and can be used to analyze most problems in the modern culture. The popularity of his concepts is still consistently augmenting. Prominent psychological testing techniques such as Myers-Briggs type Indicator apply Jung’s theory. In essence, the role of Carl Jung in the history and systems of psychology is indisputable. References Carter, D. (2011). Carl Jung in the twenty-first century. Contemporary Review,  293(1703), 441-451. Dolliver, R. (1994). Classifying the personality theories and personalities of Adler, Freud, and Jung with. Individual Psychology: The Journal of Adlerian Theory, Research Practice, 50(2), 192-202. Engler, B. (2008). Personality Theories: An Introduction. New York, NY: Cengage Learning. Merchant, J. (2009). A reappraisal of classical archetype theory and its implications for theory and practice. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 54(3), 339-358. Pierce, F. (2005). Personality types injuries. Professional Safety, 50(3), 42-50. Thorne, B., Henley, T. (2005). Connections in the history and systems of  psychology. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.

Applications For Integrated Circuits Information Technology Essay

Applications For Integrated Circuits Information Technology Essay An integrated circuit is the name for collections of electronic components imbedded onto a single piece of silicon. Silicon is the base for most transistors, diodes and other semiconductors. It can also be used as a resistor, capacitor and coil. Each IC is designed to carry out certain tasks and the circuit is designed accordingly. The circuit is then printed or etched onto the silicon substrate and then into a plastic or ceramic enclosure. Applications Applications for integrated circuits are as varied as the imagination of the designers. Within limits, anything that can be designed and built with discrete components can be put into an IC. Audio amplifier, video processors, logic, memory, switches, radio frequency encoders and decoders are just a few examples. The range of IC applications is vast and growing daily. One of the major applications is computing. Computers that once had thousands of transistors have been reduced to a handful of ICs. The early computers that were the siz e of a building are now outperformed in almost every way by laptops and even handheld computers because of the use if ICs As ICs are developed, the design costs and production costs of equipment are reducing. Reliability increases as large parts of the final product are enclosed in single packages, reducing assembly errors, connection problems and size of circuit boards. It is now rare to see any electronic equipment that does not have at least one IC. Indeed, some have only one IC and require no other components of any kind. The real answer to the question is to look around. Wherever electronics are used, there is probably an IC inside Many integrated circuits can be found in almost every  electronic device. They function as timers, amplifiers, logic units, counters, calculators, temperature sensors, and radio receivers. Integrated circuit of  Atmel  Diopsis 740System on Chip  showing memory blocks, logic and input/output pads around the periphery Microchips (EPROM  memor y) with a transparent window, showing the integrated circuit inside. Note the fine silver-colored wires that connect the integrated circuit to the pins of the package. The window allows the memory contents of the chip to be erased, by exposure to strong  ultraviolet light  in an eraser device. In  electronics, an  integrated circuit  (also known as  IC,  chip, or  microchip) is a miniaturized  electronic circuit  (consisting mainly of  semiconductor devices, as well as  passive components) that has been manufactured in the surface of a thin  substrate  of  semiconductor  material. Integrated circuits are used in almost all electronic equipment in use today and have revolutionized the world of electronics.  Computers,  cellular phones, and other  digital  appliances  are now inextricable parts of the structure of modern societies, made possible by the low cost of production of integrated circuits. A  hybrid integrated circuit  is a miniat urized electronic circuit constructed of individual semiconductor devices, as well as passive components, bonded to a substrate or circuit board. A monolithic integrated circuit is made of devices manufactured by diffusion of trace elements into a single piece of semiconductor substrate, a chip.

North American Civilization Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

North American Civilization Paper - Essay Example No attempts were made to immigrate to Antarctica so the migration essentially stopped there. The enormity of the landscape allowed two distinct sources of food delivery to evolve: maintenance of hunter-gatherer societies in nomadic formations and agricultural societies tying themselves to distinct geographical enclaves. The book contends the population to be 5-10 million but other sources place the number between 2-7 million. Agriculture increased the complexity of the societies that developed in the various areas of continent. Men tended to wield more power and influence in the hunter societies while the women of the tribes started to come into their own in the agricultural societies. The increased complexity of the societal fabric tended to bring more power to the women of the tribes. The relative scarcity of arable land or diminished animal populations for consumption tended to dictate the type of civilizations that would arise around the provision of foodstuffs. They tended to va ry in shape and complexity. While the Pueblos tended to an increasingly sophisticated agricultural society, the Iroquois all the way on the other side of the continent erected an equally sophisticated culture of their own. The availability of edible wildlife tended to dictate the societal formations that emerged. Davidson et al asserts that nearly 70 Pueblo villages flourished by 1540, a little more than a generation before the Gutierrez map was published. The variations in living and cultural differences between the tribes were as large as the continent was wide. A vast panoply of climates, topography and variations in water systems made a huge tapestry of different lifestyles and tribal constructs apparent. The division and sheer variety of tribal affiliations, lifestyles and resistance to unity made the aboriginal tribes in North America especially vulnerable to the depredations that would be visited on them in the coming decades and centuries. Internecine and centuries old triba l feuds and warfare made it almost impossible to prevent the European tidal wave that was coming. The authors make short shrift of the massive internecine conflict that had embroiled the continent for centuries between different tribes. â€Å"On the Western Plains, pre?Columbian warfare—before the introduction of horses and guns—pitted tribes against one another for control of territory and its resources, as well as for captives and honor. Indian forces marched on foot to attack rival tribes who sometimes resided in palisaded villages.† In the eastern woodlands, â€Å"mourning wars† would take place where tribes would fight each other. It is sad to say that the tribal rivalries were a serious impediment to offering a united front against the European invasion on its way. Soon enough, as the eighteenth century emerged more than two hundred years after Gutierrez’ map made its debut, a European march westward marking the ultimate destruction of the ab original tribes of America began to gain steam and the North American Indian tribes’

What are the major problems with the evolutionist practice of Essay - 1

What are the major problems with the evolutionist practice of classifying cultures into stages of progressive development - Essay Example 87). This evolutionary progression of societies and cultures was highly applauded, as most anthropologists touted it as the preeminent means of truly understanding the societal setting in terms of development. Through this, such social anthropologists and theorists as Henry Morgan highly relied on this conception of social evolutionism to describe the various developmental stages that societies and cultures were undergoing. This position perceived societal and cultural differences as being the result of the given societies undergoing varied stages of the social evolutionistic phases (Evans-Pritchard 2004, p. 112). However, with the continued research and analysis, speculations have arisen over the realism of this social theory of classifying cultures into varied developmental stages. The emerging contemporary view on this was that the theory has imperfections and cannot be fully referred to in explanation of the cultural diversities and differences that exist (Kuper 1988, p. 199). While the earlier anthropologists held the view that societal development took place as a single entity, subsequent social anthropologists are of the view that this societal development is variant upon each soci ety, with each exhibiting its own levels of developmental stages distinct from others. In delimiting the shortcomings of the evolutionist practice of classifying cultures into subsequent stages of progressive development, classical theorists argue that the theory fails to look at the varying environments in which the different societies are traced. This provides a possible perspective from which the social evolutionism theory fails to fully capture the manner in which societies are set. Furthermore, such early anthropologists as Edward Taylor specifically relied upon information from indigenous cultures, and drew conclusions from such findings and generalizing them to the

Elder Care Case Study Essay Example for Free

Elder Care Case Study Essay Mr. Trosack is a 72 year old man who fell down a long flight of stairs a month ago, underwent a total hip replacement and is in need of a discharge plan. He completed two weeks of rehabilitation in the hospital for his hip as well as diabetic teaching for his new onset of Diabetes. It was also discovered during this hospitalization that he needed to start taking medication for hypertension. Both he and his family are in denial about what it will take to get him home and deliver the care that is needed. Healthcare Issues and their Importance Discharge planning and management with an elderly person can become very complicated and should be approached with an open mind and the willingness to compromise with the family and patient himself, keeping in mind that the safety of the patient is top priority. Before Mr. Trosack can safely be discharged home several issues have to be considered. It is important that the case manager meet with the patient, his family as well as find out about the details of where he will be going and how much assistance from family and friends is available and dependable. One of the issues that needs attention is his physical preparation to move back home. In his current state, he is not able to take care of himself without help. Based on the interview of his son and daughter in law, as well as taking into consideration their lack of help prior to the surgery, it doesn’t appear that they will be able to visit him often or consistently. That will not work immediately because Mr. Trosack will n eed daily assistance, for several more weeks. A rehabilitation center may be his best option in order to ensure his safety and avoid another fall. He will be able to continue physical therapy sessions in order to continue to improve as well as round the clock help when needed. He would receive more stair climbing training, hip strengthening exercises as well as gait training. Attending the rehab program would also allow him to socialize with people facing similar obstacles and adjusting to a new way of living. An Occupational Therapist (OT) can be consulted to assist with adjusting to his activities of daily living. Continued monitoring of his new medications as well as extra help with blood sugar monitoring may help him deal with the denial of his new onset of Diabetes and Hypertension. The specialists at the rehab center will be able to assess and determine when Mr. Trosack is ready to go home and can be independent with minimal assistance. Preparing him properly the first time can avoid other accidents as well as motivate him to keep working on his strength and endurance. Another important issue to consider before discharge planning is the safety of his home. Assessing and making changes to his living conditions is a must. After the safety assessment was completed it was obvious that changes had to be made at home to accommodate a person with new disabilities. Since the apartment is cluttered, it must be cleaned up. There are several â€Å"memorable† treasures that he has at home; presently they are hazards because of their location. They do not have to be thrown out but they do have to be moved. The kitchen, bathroom, living room, entry way and one bedroom all need to be free of throw rugs, collectables and furniture that blocks the passage of a walker. There are two rooms in his apartment so one should become a storage area for all of the clutter until Mr. Trosack has moved beyond a walker or cane. The bathroom needs to have permanent safety rails installed near the toilet and bathtub or shower as well as a non-skid applied to the bathtub surface. The medicine cabinet should be cleaned out and all expired or unnecessary medications discarded or returned to a pharmacy. The kitchen is in good order but the refrigerator needs to be cleaned and the expired food thrown out. The living area needs to have minimal furniture and placed so things are easily accessible and not in the flow of traffic. Night lights or motion sensors need to be added to avoid a fall when he gets up at night to use the bathroom. Addressing the stairs is not a simple solution. As long as Mr. Trosack is able to walk those stairs following a discharge from the rehab then he can move back home. Side rails on both sides need to be secure and easily accessible to him at a safe level for him to hold on to. Some apartment complexes have added elevators or elevator chairs, if that is an option then that would be fantastic. These issues need to be addresses to avoid another injury at home such as a fall. Mr. Trosacks new diagnosis of Diabetes and Hypertension need to be addressed. There are many psychosocial issues with his new disabilities and diagnosis. These are important because he needs to be able to accept his disabilities and take care of his health, in order to avoid serious complications, heal and cope. It is clear that Mr. Trosack is having a difficult time accepting his new medical diagnosis as well as not being able to be independent. His comments about being able to handle it all himself at home but yet communicating his frustrations by having to take medications and not being able to get up and down the stairs speak volumes. Continued diabetic teaching may help him understand the importance of food choices and listening to his body’s signals of low or high blood sugar levels. Even after discharge from the rehab center Mr. Trosack should continue having a home health nurse in for periodic visits since it may be difficult to get to doctors’ visits to check blood pressure and blood glucose. A portable glucose monitor and automatic blood pressure should be purchased and kept at home. The mental preparation and coping mechanisms will need to be addressed prior to leaving the rehabilitation center. Denial from the patient and family tells the health care team that teaching needs to be done in all areas and with all heath care team members. Team Members and their Roles Discharge planning for an elderly patient requires a team of health care professionals as well as family members working together in order to have a successful transition to home. The case manager needs to be in charge of organizing the team and following Mr. Trosacks progress in order to direct the team based on his changing needs. A Physical Therapist has been working with Mr. Trosack in rehab and that work needs to continue. He needs to improve stair climbing and increase his strength. He will need to work on a generalize exercise program as well as specific gait, balance and coordination to help him become independent at home.He will need to learn to use a walker and cane. Research supports the most effective interventions to manage falls risk are those that incorporate exercise and that exercise program needs to be structured, progressed, and must achieve the minimum dose of exercise (Shubert, 2011). An Occupational Therapist (OT) should be involved with evaluating Mr. Trosack a nd making sure he and his house is ready for his return. Occupational therapy services include comprehensive evaluations of the home and other environments and recommendations on equipment and training as well as guidance and education for family members. They try to adapt the environment to fit the person. (AOTA, 2012). Mr. Trosacks son or brother should work with the OT to coordinate the bathroom safety bars and no skid flooring as well as making sure all excess furniture and collectables are placed in the second bedroom. A dietician should educate him on how to prepare diabetic and heart healthy meals. Diabetic teaching is so important for patients living alone. If he does not take his diabetic diet seriously he may end up with inconsistent blood sugars which in turn can lead to unstable mental status and generalized motor weakness. A Social Worker will be able to assist Mr. Trosack and family with financial and social needs. The Social Worker can assist with completing paperwork for financial assistance and medical equipment needs. Mr. Trosack may be able to get financial assistance for medical equipment such as safety bars for his house, stair lifts, and exercise equipment. The social worker can also assist in getting him meal delivery and get the patient involved in some social activities. Coordinating family visits and family assistance should be done with the Social Worker and should be coordinated based on lack of outside assistance. Social workers are challenged to enable patients and families to have control over decision making regarding their discharge planning(Kadushin Kulys, 1993).They are trained to help patients and families help themselves. The social worker can help the family identify resources such as home health aids to come to the house when family cannot. Social Workers are also trained in counseling and may be able to help the patient and family cope with the transition. A Home Health Agency could send in a Registered Nurse (RN), Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN) or a Certified Nurses Assistant (CAN) to monitor blood sugars, monitor blood pressure, monitor medications and continue teaching on all of those as well as assist in his Activities of Daily Living (ADL). This team needs to work with Mr. Trosack’s physician who oversees the plan of care, helps determine services and assists if consults or reports needed for insurance reasons. Safety Safety one of the main concerns when discharging a patient. The case manager needs to know that the patient is ready and equipped to make a smooth transition so he will not be readmitted to the hospital shortly after discharge. As discussed in the assessment, Mr. Trosack cannot be discharged home because of several safety concerns. He is not strong enough to climb the stairs, his home is not ready to receive him in its current state, he and his family are in denial of his needs, and the team has not been established to assist him, so it is not safe to send him home. If he is able to continue Physical Therapy he should gain enough strength to climb up and down once he arrives home. In his home, many areas need to be cleaned of clutter so he doesn’t trip or fall. He will most likely be using an assistive device such as a walker or cane and they can easily become caught up in rugs or furniture. A clear path around the apartment in required and gait training will be part of his therapy. Taking into consideration all the safety issues that will determine another fall or even more serious complications it should be strongly suggested by the case worker that Mr. Trosack continue in an inpatient rehabilitation facility in order to give him time to improve his strength, health and coping mechanisms. This will also give him and his family time to process his needs when he comes home as well as get the home and services needed. Discharge Plan Needs Family is a necessary part of discharge planning. In this case, Mr. Trosacks only family member isnot able to assist him adequately to meet his needs and avoid an injury or readmission. His son and family are too busy and his brother is elderly. Depending on this family for necessary daily needs is not realistic. Along with not being prepared physically, they appear to be in the same mind frame as Mr. Trosack regarding the denial of new medical diagnosis as well as his physical restrictions. Teaching needs to become a priority and the team may be able to help with realistic goals for the family. This is where the social worker and home health nurse could be of most assistance. Mr. Trosack will need to have some sort of â€Å"meals on wheels† delivery of food when he returns home. It may be temporary but should start out that way to avoid missing meals. After he is comfortable and capable of preparing his own food he may opt to have the grocery store deliver a few times a week. Also grocery delivery should be requested. The family can help do some of the legwork for his arrival home. They need to be educated on what are needs and wants for a patient coming home from a hip replacement so that they know what they need to do and what they need to outsource to private agencies. Educating them will hopefully allow them to see that Mr. Trosacks is in need of help even though he denies it. Social Isolation Our mental and physical states of health depend on each other. After any life altering surgery older adults end up socializing much less if their activities of daily living are affected. In Mr. Trosacks case, he will need to stay in physical rehabilitation longer and will not be as independent as before the fall. A limited physical mobility usually means limited social interaction. Limited social interaction can decrease his motivation to continue exercising and strengthening his body and could lead further to depression. Familiarity and stability are essential in order for him to be able to cope and heal (Nichols Riemer, 2008).His social interaction with his family may be strained because they are focused on helping take care of his physical needs and not focused on laughing, having fun and enjoying time together. Psychological Factors A human’s thoughts, feelings and attitudes all influence their behaviors; those behaviors then begin to determine how they will handle stress. Having a hip replacement is frustrating and stressful for patients and families not only because of the physical changes but psychological. Mr. Trosack is used to caring for himself and is now not going to be able to do that. The sudden lifestyle change is an added stressor that he needs help to cope with. â€Å"If stress becomes persistent and low-level, all parts of the bodys stress apparatus (the brain, heart, lungs, blood vessels, and muscles) become chronically over-activated or under-activated. Such chronic stress may produce physical or psychological damage over time† (University of Maryland, 2009). Mr. Trosack should be encouraged to get some cognitive behavioral therapy either one on one or support groups once he is moving around more easily. It will be important for the health care team once Mr. Trosack goes home, to motivate him to keep up with exercises, proper diet, relaxation techniques, and continually monitor stressors involved. Mr. Trosack has already shown signs on denial with his new medical problems. He is not happy to have to take medications and if he does not get help to understand and accept his new medical conditions he will run into an even further disabling state. He has lived in his home for many years so it is best to do everything possible to make that happen. Recommendation As stated earlier, the inpatient rehabilitation center is the recommended place from Mr. Trosack to go to before heading home. He needs the extra attention and encouragement in order to be able to take care of himself. He is not strong enough to move back to his house nor is his house ready to receive him. His family support is will not be consistent, soother arrangements need to be made for meals and transportation as well as activities of daily living. He may not accept the idea of more rehab because he really wants to get home but hopefully after teaching him the importance of doing things rights the first time to avoid another fall, he may agree. He also needs to be assured that the teams goal is to get him home as quickly as possible, so the harder he works the faster he may get home and become more independent. The team needs to try to avoid having him move from the place he has lived in and loves. Reference Shubert, T. (2011). Evidence based exercise prescription for balance and falls prevention. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 34(3), 100-108. The American Occupation Therapy Association (AOTA). (2012). Retrieved from http://www.aota.org/consumers.aspx Kadushin, G. Kulys, R. (1993, November). Discharge planning revisited: what do social workers actually do in discharge planning?. Social Work, 38, 713-726. Nichols, T., Riemer, M. (2008, June). Post surery social isolation. Presentation deivered at 17th world concil of enterostomal therapists (wcet) congress , Ljubljana, Slovenia. Retrieved from http://www.hollister.com/us/files/pdfs/ce09/psychosocial/910298.pdf University of Maryland. (2009, February 13). Stress. Retrieved from http://www.umm.edu/patiented/articles/stress_000031.htm

Black Students and the Educational Practice of Tracking :: Free Essays Online

Black Students and the Educational Practice of Tracking I remember my mom asking me one day why I didn’t have any black friends. Even though she is white, she was concerned that I hang out with kids of different backgrounds, especially because I am half black. I had never really thought about it before. I told her it was because there weren't really any black kids in any of my classes at school. I had been in mostly honors classes since the seventh grade and there were only about five to ten other black kids who seemed to circulate the â€Å"honors track† with me. I had always felt slightly out of place in my mostly white honors classes. I didn’t really become friends with many black people until my junior year of high school when I was invited to join an all black, all female, leadership group at my school called S.I.S. (Success In School). By the second semester of my junior year most of my friends were black. Me and nearly twenty other successful black and minority students became a close-knit â€Å"crewâ⠂¬  and an extended family. We served as a support system for each other and I would not have made it though the second half of high school without them. At the end of my senior year there was a big awards night. There was a special ceremony for seniors honoring academic achievement throughout the year. One of the last groups of awards presented were for the Presidential Excellence Award, National Merit Finalists, and students who were in the top ten percent of the class. The names were called, and mine was among them. I took my place on the stage among my fellow classmates. The lights were very bright and I looked out into the audience to find my parents. They were waving and smiling. I looked out into the audience for my friends. It is then that I realized that my friends were still in the audience. As I looked around the stage I noticed that I was one of only two black students on the stage. The other student, BJ Jacobs, stood farther down to my right. Though we were friends, I had always kind of resented BJ in a congenial way. However, our past rivalry didn’t seem to matter now.

Chapter 14 Outline Ap World History.

Outline Introduction: Every year or al least once in their life, the Muslims must travel to Mecca. This is a holy pilgrim that has been a tradition for the Muslims since Muhammad made the trip. At the beginning the pilgrims to Mecca were made by small amounts of people. However, by the ninth century, thousands of people traveled to Mecca in the 9th lunar month. All these people survived on food and water provided by the government. The Muslim government made a great effort to keep the roads and the cities clean and ready for the travelers.The hajj was not only solemn observance, but it was also an occasion for joy and celebration. The word Islam means â€Å"Submission,† which means obedience to the rule of Allah. If somebody accepts the Islamic faith it means that he/she is a Muslim. Even though this belief started with one man, by the end of the eighth century Islam stood alongside the Byzantine Empire. A Prophet and his World: Islam appeared in the Arabian Peninsula, and thi s religion reflected the cultural conditions of it’s homeland. Living in Arabia has always been hard because of the bad agriculture and the harsh climates.However people have been able to survive for a long time and they built a strong empire that was based upon family and submission. Arabia figured out the trading opportunities and took advantage of them. Arabia became an important trading center for India china and the Mediterranean. Plus they started receiving commodities. With the awake of classical empires, trade routes became insecure. Merchants abandoned the overland routes and they started using sea routes that passed through the Arabian Peninsula. This greatly influenced the economy of the city of Mecca.Muhammad and His Message: The prophet Muhammad was son of nomadic Bedouin herders and merchants. He was born in 570 C. E. and he was son of an honorable merchant family. He had an education, and they cared for him. However, when he was young he worked for a wealthy wi dow that later became his wife. He got some power in the Mecca society, but he didn’t get a high position. By the age 30 Muhammad had established himself as a merchant and he lived a comfortable life. He lived and knew about many other different religions and he knew the cultures of other peoples.According to the stories Muhammad received some messages from the Angel Gabriel which told him to convert his family and the world and to give them the message of god. Muhammad presented oral lessons that he passed to his students and the people. However when he dies, his students compiled his teachings in a book called the Quran. Most important after the Quran itself are traditions known as hadith, which include sayings attributed to Muhammad. Muhammad’s Migration to Medina: He first began for converting his family and then the community.Muhammad became popular and that brought him problems with the ruling elites of Mecca. Muhammad insisted that Allah was the only god and tha t there shouldn’t be any other deities to which we pray. The elite also saw him a treat because he said that Allah was going to punish greed. Because of all the danger in Mecca, Muhammad had to fled. He fled and joined a group of his followers in Yathrib, a rival trading city. Muslims called their new city Medina which also means the city of the prophet. In Medina he organized his followers into a community and he provides it with laws and a social code.He looked after the economic welfare of his community; he did this by trading or by launching expedition. Muhammad started to call himself the final prophet because he was going to at last reveal the message of god to the people. He teach that the Christian god and all the other major gods were the same. All of them were Allah and he also accepted the Jewish and Christian prophets. The Establishment of Islam in Arabia: Even thought they succeeded in Medina, Muhammad and his followers planned on returning to Mecca.In 630 he and his followers attacked Mecca and they conquered the city. They forced the rich to take Allah as their main god and they imposed a government dedicated to Allah. They also destroyed the shrines of other deities and they built mosques. In 632 Muhammad made the first pilgrimage to the Ka’ba. The foundations of Islamic faith as elaborated by Muhammad consist of obligations known as the Five Pillars. Added to the Five Pillars the Islamic people must follow the holy law known as the sharia. Through the Sharia, Islam became more than a religious doctrine.It became a way of life that people must strictly follow. Expansion of Islam: After Muhammad’s dead the religion faced a period of instability because he left no predecessor. Some people that had barely been conquered, broke from Islam, took back their independence and they became free again. However, within a short time, the Islamic community built a strong army that expanded its power and conquered many lands that converte d into Islamic. These conquests lead the foundation of the rapid growth of Islamic society. The Early Caliphs and the Umayyad Dynasty:Since Muhammad said that he was the last prophet when he died, there could not be another prophet to lead the Islamic society. However, they decided to chose Abu Bakr as deputy. He was the closest of Muhammad’s friends and he was one of the most devoted disciples that he had. He was a religious leader, but he was also the Military commander. During the century after Muhammad’s dead they expanded beyond the boundaries of Arabia, carrying with them their religion and their authority. Durig this period of time they conquered Persia and Africa.Because of this rapid expansion, the government had problems with governing and administration. It was just too many people to control. Disagreements over the succession lead to the emergence of the Shia sect, which wanted Ali and his successors to caliphs. The Shia survived because they created differ ent rituals and they appointed different holydays. The Shia Muslims also made changes in the Quran in order to support the party’s views. The Abbasid Dynasty: Rebellion in Persia brought the Umayyad dynasty to an end. The chief leader of the rebellion was Abu, he was a descendant of Muhammad’s uncle.Even though he was a Sunni Muslim, he allied himself with other Muslims in order to convert people from the Mediterranean. The Umayyad didn’t want to surrender to the Abu. One day Abu invited the rich, influential men to a banquet to make peace. However, during the banquet they were arrested and murdered. After they were killed Abu founded the Abbasid dynasty. This dynasty was more cosmopolitan than the previous dynasty. Instead of conquering new lands, the Abbasids largely contented themselves with administering the empire they inherited.The high point of the Abbasid dynasty came during the reign of Harun. This king provided with liberal support for artists and writ er, and he distributed money and wealth to the poor people. After the death of the emperor, the Abbasid Empire declined. This was due to the conflicts of succession. At the end the Mongols extinguished the already weakened empire in 1258. Economy and Society of the Early Islamic World: As in other agricultural societies the farmers worked in the land while the merchants stayed at the city and feed themselves with the food that the farmers produced.The creation of empires had dramatic implications and results. For instance, the Abbasid Empire created a zone of trade, exchange of ideas, and a communicating route. New Crops, Agricultural Experimentation, and Urban Growth: As the soldiers, merchants, administrators and the population traveled to other parts of the world, they encounter different animals, plants and cultures. Then they brought those ideas and teach them to the people of their empire. The introduction of new crops to the west had many positive effects for the economy.New food crops led to a richer and more varied diet. They also increased quantities of food and some plants, such as cotton, were used to make a profit. Travel and communication in the dar al-Islam also encouraged experimentation with agricultural methods. The cultivators copied systems of irrigation and techniques that would help them produce more food. The increase of agricultural production contributed to the rapid growth of the empire. Paper manufacture appeared in the Islamic cities during the Abbasid era. Chinese people made paper since the first century B.C. however with the diffusion, the paper techniques spread to Islamic world around 751 B. C. The Formation of a Hemispheric trading Zone: From its earliest days Islamic society drew much of its prosperity from commerce. Muhammad was a merchant, and he held merchants in high stem. According to early accounts of his life Muhammad said that merchants would stand alongside martyrs to the faith on the Day of Judgment. By the time of the Abbasid Empire, trade networks linked all the regions of the Islamic world and joined it to a larger hemispheric economy.Arab and Persian mariner borrowed the compass from its Chinese inventors and used it to guide them on the high seas. From Southeast Asian and Indian mariners, they borrowed the lateen sail, a triangular sail that increased a ship’s mobility. They established multiple branches that honored letters of credit known as Sakk drawn on the parent bank. Trade benefited also from techniques of business organization. As a result of improved transportation, expanded banking services, and refined techniques of business organization, long-distance trade surged in the early Islamic world.They brought many things such as silk and spices form far away. The Changing Status of Women: There was a patriarchal society even before Muhammad’s time. However, Arab women enjoyed right that women in other parts could never dream of. For instance, they could legally inherit property, divorce husbands, and engage in business ventures. However, in some respects the Quran enhanced the security of women in Arabian society. It portrayed women equal to men in the eyes of Allah. However, the Quran and later the Sharia reinforced male dominance. They recognized descend trough the male line.Even though they teach that women should be treated with delicacy and respect, it allowed men to have up to four wives, whereas women could only have one husband. The veiling of women was not originally a tradition of the Muslims. This tradition came from the Byzantine and Sasanid Empires. At the beginning women had many rights stated in the Quran, however as time passed, the scholars modified the Quran and they took away the rights of women. Islamic Values and cultural Exchanges: The Quran has served as the cornerstone of the Islamic society.The Quran established a flexible and powerful medium of communication. Even today the Muslims believe that the Quran is the only reli able scripture, translations as not as powerful as the original one. Muslims missionaries spread Goad’s message, but they allowed the people to still practice their old religions or beliefs. The foundation of an Islamic Cultural Tradition: The Muslims scholars studied the Quran and stories about Muhammad in order to create moral guidelines appropriate for their society. Formal institutions helped promote Islamic values.Many mosques maintained schools that provided elementary education and religious instruction, and wealthy Muslims sometimes established schools and provided endowments for their support. By the tenth century institutions of higher education known as Madrasas appeared. Muslim rulers supported the Madrasas because they had interest in recruiting literate and learned students with an advanced education in Islamic theology and law for administrative position. Sufis also appeared. Sufis were especially effective as missionaries because they emphasized devotion to Al lah above mastery of doctrine.Islam and the Cultural Traditions of Persia and the Cultural Traditions of Persia, India, and Greece: As the Islamic community expanded, the people started interacting with people from other societies, especially with Persia, India, and Greece. Persian traditions quickly found a place in Islamic society, since the culturally rich land of Persia fell under Islamic rule. Persian Influence was as noticeable in literary works from the Abbasid dynasty. While Arabic served as the language of religion, theology, philosophy, and law, Persian was the principal language of literature, poetry, history, and political reflection.Chapter Summary (taken from AP textbook) The religion of Islam emerged on the Arabian Peninsula in the seventh century  C. E. as a result of the vision and the teachings of Muhammad. His message attracted a rapidly expanding circle of devout believers, known as Muslims. After Muhammad's death, Arab conquerors spread the word of Islam throu ghout a vast territory extending from the Indus River to the Iberian Peninsula within one century. This rapid expansion of Islam contributed to the development of a massive trade and communication network in which goods and ideas spread freely.The realm of Islam became one of the most prosperous and cosmopolitan societies of the postclassical world. This new society was characterized by, strong commitment to the monotheistic belief system, resting on the Five Pillars of Islam, first articulated by Muhammad and later elaborated on by scholars and mystics. Also, the development of overland and maritime trade and communication routes that facilitated the spread of new crops, trade goods, and ideas, from improved techniques in agriculture to the writings of the classical Greek philosophers.Engagement with and sometimes adoption of various cultural traditions encountered by the far-flung realm and its trade contacts, helped the country. Hence elements of Persian, Indian, Christian, and G reek cultures found their place into Islamic society and thought. Muslims believe that God is  one and incomparable  and the  purpose of existence  is to love and serve God. Muslims also believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that was revealed at many times and places before, including through Abraham,  Moses  and  Jesus, whom they consider  prophets.They maintain that previous messages and revelations have been partially changed or corrupted  over time,  but consider the Qur'an to be both the unaltered and the final revelation of God. Religious concepts and practices include the  five pillars of Islam, which are basic concepts and obligatory acts of  worship, and following  Islamic law, which touches on virtually every aspect of life and society, providing guidance on multifarious topics from  banking  and  welfare, to  warfare  and the  environment.The Pillars of Islam are five basic acts in Islam, consi dered obligatory for all believers. The  Quran  presents them as a framework for worship and a sign of commitment to the faith. They are (1) the  shahadah  (creed), (2) daily prayers (salat), (3) almsgiving (zakah), (4) fasting during  Ramadan  and (5) the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) at least once in a lifetime. The  Shia  and  Sunni  sects both agree on the essential details for the performance of these acts.

Quality of Work Life of Cement Industry Essay

Abstract Quality of work life is an important indicator and yardstick for any organization to measure its overall performance and overall satisfaction of its stakeholder‟s .Quality of work life comprises of several factors which are influencing the quality of work life in different dimensions. Quality of work life of this industry is concerned the safety, healthy work environment, adequate and fair compensation and social relevance are undedicated by the internal stakeholders (Employees).Also the lower level workers don‟t have ,that much amount of quality of work life that is why they don‟t have that much level of involvement in their company. Hence to bring-up the expected level of involvement of the employees they must be provided enough amount of training and they must be given on –par treatment while compare with the rest of the level of employees of their organization. Key words: Quality of work life – Total life space, social relevance – Quality of work life feeling stakeholders. Introduction Historically, cultural values about work have shifted greatly over the years. In ancient time work was performed only by slaves, The Renaissance and Reformation brought great changes in prevailing attitude towards work. Work acquired a moral dignity of its own. Work serves many purposes. The economic function of work for producing goods and services is its most obvious value. In return form of production the work is paid wages that enable the purchase of good, shelter, plus other needs and luxuries of life. But work serves other values as well. As part of social needs people are supplied at the work place, were they meet, and converse and share experiences. One‟s job connotes a certain social status both for the worker and his or her family. Work also contributes to an employee‟s self-esteem by reflecting a contribution to the work group, department and company. If a person is competent and meets his own personal and the boss‟ satisfaction expectations, this contributes to a sense of personal worth. Quality of Work Life (QWL) is a relatively new concept. It refers to the favorableness or unfavrableness of a job environment for people (Davis and Newstrom, 1985). Evolution of quality of work life Walton attributes the evolution of QWL to various phases in history. Legislation enacted in early 20th century to protect employees from job-injury and to eliminate hazardous working conditions, followed by the unionization movement in the 1930s and 1940s were the initial steps. Emphasis was given to „job security‟, due process at the work place and economic gains for the worker‟. The 1950s and the 1960s saw the development of different theories by psychologists proposing a „positive relationship between morale and productivity‟, and the possibility that improved human relations would lead to the enhancement of both. Attempts to reform and to acquire equal employment opportunities and job enrichment schemes also were introduced. Finally, in the 1970s the idea of QWL was conceived which according to Walton, is broader than these earlier developments and is something that must include „ the values that were at the heart of these earlier reform movements‟ and „human needs and aspirations‟(Walton, 1973). The modern interest in the quality of work life was stimulated through efforts to change the scope of people satisfaction job in attempting to motivate them (Tyagi 1997). The jobs should seek to employ higher skills of workers, improve their skills, and contribute to general Social advancement as well as programs that offer employees, the opportunity to purchase equity in their firms or programs that provide protection against arbitrary action for their supervisors (Robins, S. 1997). Criteria for quality of work life: It has been pointed out by Ted Mills that one of the problems with the tern is that â€Å"quality of work life† is not a single, specific notion. Rather, it subsumes a whole pass of terms and notions, all of which he feels really belong under the umbrella â€Å"quality of work life†: 1. Industrial Effectiveness 2. Human Resource Development 3. Organizational Effectiveness 4. Works Restructure 5. Job Enrichment 6. Organizational Restructure 7. Socio- Technical Systems 8. Work Humanization 9. Group work concept 10. Labour – management cooperation 11. Working together; work involvement; and worker participation 12. Cooperation work restructures Importance of Quality of Work Life: Quality work life is essentially the concept of favorable situation of a work environment. It is imperative in any type of organizations to ensure high productivity and involvement of employees in generation of goods and services of better quality. The global economy presents the organization with new challenges to be faced by the employees. To make it more imperative employee‟s involvement and commitment are required in achieving organizational goals. Such involvements and commitments could be secured only through improved quality of work life. Furthermore working life is regarded as a larger ecological complex of human resource. So ultimately the quality of working life of employees should be made better and pave the way for satisfied working conditions and make them involved in the growth of the organization. Review of Literature: Cohen. D.S (1979) Quality of work is a process of joint decision making, collaboration and building mutual respect between management and employee, which seems to cause a change in how people feel about labour their work and each other. It is this change in the human climate that quality advocated, maintains, increases satisfaction and facilitates better solution to management and production. Ekramul Hoque, M. and Alinoor Rahman (1999) They attempted to compare the QWL of industrial workers according to the nature of the organizations and to measure whether there is any significant relationship among quality of work life, job behaviour and demographic variables of the workers. The result revealed workers of private sector textile mills perceived significantly higher QWL than in the public sector; QWL has significant negative correlation with absenteeism and accident and QWL has significant positive correlation with performance. 3 Tambe M.R. (2000) In a broad sense QWL includes job enrichment group work concept, labour management cooperation, workers involvement, co-operative work environment and organizational industrial effectiveness. In a narrow sense it is a conductive and encouraging job and physical environment. Mentz (2001) conducted a study to determine the quality of work life of teachers in farm schools in South Africa. The sample consists of 60 teachers in 15 farm schools. Findings indicate that teachers in rural schools are generally satisfied with circumstances and enjoy teaching; they are satisfied with classroom size, physical facilities and teacher student relations. Topper (2008) The literature reviews of psychological and sociological studies of job satisfaction in general and specifically for library workers were under taken by Topper(2008). The investigation was primarily intended to measure the job satisfaction among library workers. It revealed that the library workers are very satisfied in their job. It also underlined the fa ct that job satisfaction should be the key factor for recruitment of the next generation library workers. Edwards, J.,Van laar ,D.L &Easton ,S.(2009).Regular assessment of quality of work life can potentially provide organization with important information about the welfare of their employees, such as job satisfaction, general well-being, work related stress and the home-work interface. Objective To find out the existing level of Quality of Work Life perceived by the employees in cement industry Research methodology: Research Design The research design is an important yardstick and it is describing the properties of the proposed research with related to a particular domine. This article is concerned; the research design is descriptive in nature. This article is going to evaluate the existing level of quality of work life which is prevailing in cement industry at Ariyalur District. Survey and sampling method: The researcher is decided to deploy the primary data from the concerned indust ry [respondents] with the help of the data collection tool [questionnaire]. Apart from the primary data the required data‟s to enhance the quality of the article is to be collected from the secondary sources such as books, magazines and annual reports of the companies. The data which is to be collected from the respondents on random basis [simple random sampling]. The companies which are included in this survey are TANCEM, BIRLA and RAMCO. The sample size which is a determined for the study is 300 from all three companies. Statistical tool used: The collected data which is analyzed with the help of ANOVA. Analysis and Interpretation: Quality of Work Life (QWL) includes a host of issues ranging from occupational safety and health, job training, retraining, educational opportunities to society recreational facilities and childcare. QWL is a process of work organizations, which enables its members at all levels to participate actively and efficiency in shaping the organizations environment, methods and outcomes.